The Way of All Flesh by Samuel Butler is a semi-autobiographical novel that critiques Victorian society through the life of Ernest Pontifex. Narrated by his godfather Edward Overton, the story spans four generations of the Pontifex family, exploring themes of religious hypocrisy, generational conflict, and personal emancipation. Ernest’s journey—from strict religious upbringing to spiritual and intellectual independence—mirrors Butler’s own rebellion against Victorian norms.